Libreswan as client to a Cisco (ASA or VPN3000) server

Many companies have Cisco or cisco-comptable VPN setups to allow laptops to connect to the enterprise network. This most often uses XAUTH with PreSharedKeys. It requires some special handling which libreswan activates with the remote_peer_type= option. The easiest way to configure this is using Networkmanager-libreswan (or NetworkManager-openswan on older distros). But you can do it using manual connections as well:

First, you place the Groupname and Secret in /etc/ipsec.secrets:

@Groupname : PSK "secret"

In /etc/ipsec.conf you would place the connection information, which also includes the username and groupname:

conn cisco
	# fill in your groupname and username
	leftid=@Groupname
	leftxauthusername=yourusername
	# 
	# The proposals have to match exactly or the cisco stops talking
	ike=aes128-sha1;modp1024
	esp=aes128-sha1;modp1024
	right=cisco_dns_or_ip
	initial_contact=yes
	# nat-ikev1=drafts
	# cisco_unity=yes
	aggrmode=yes
	authby=secret
	left=%defaultroute
	leftxauthclient=yes
	leftmodecfgclient=yes
	remote_peer_type=cisco
	rightxauthserver=yes
	rightmodecfgserver=yes
	salifetime=24h
	#ikelifetime=1h
	ikelifetime=24h
	dpdaction=restart
	dpdtimeout=60
	dpddelay=30
        auto=add

It is possible, though less secure, to store the user password in ipsec.secrets as well, provided you do not require unique token with each password:

@username : XAUTH "password"

If the password is in ipsec.secrets, the connection can use auto=start. If not, then the connection needs to be started by NetworkManager or by command line ipsec auto --up to allow typing in the password.